#Sanctions

Russia’s coal sector teeters on the brink, with losses approaching $1 billion in the first three quarters of 2024 and fewer than half of its enterprises remaining profitable.

The Biden administration has prioritized sanctions over labeling Russia as a state sponsor of terrorism. But what does this designation really mean, and why do so many in Ukraine and the West demand it?

More than half of Ukraine’s casualties have been caused by Russian artillery, which relies on a crucial yet unsanctioned resource: chromium. It continues to be freely supplied to Russia, even from within the EU.

Since the beginning of its invasion of Ukraine in 2014, Russia has been subject to significant sanctions aimed at weakening its military-industrial complex (MIC). Despite these measures, Russia’s MIC has reached its highest production capacity since the Soviet era, particularly in recent years—especially following the 2022 full-scale invasion of Ukraine. This would not have been possible without the technology of Ukraine's allies.