Volodymyr Cherchyk

At least seven Swedish websites with different political audiences and different editorial styles have one consistent message: NATO provoked Russia’s war, Ukraine cannot win, and Sweden should stop paying for it. Where does Swedish independent commentary end and Russian influence begin?

Russian propaganda in Norway does not speak Russian. It speaks through Norwegian commentators, taps into concerns over taxes, rising prices, and domestic politics, and conceals its Kremlin-linked sources behind layers of citations. 

In March 2022, the European Union imposed restrictions on RT and Sputnik, Russia’s two main state media brands targeting foreign audiences. Brussels stated the reason plainly: Russia was using these outlets for information manipulation and to promote narratives supporting its aggression against Ukraine.