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France Extends Nuclear Umbrella to Norway as Europe Rearms Against Russia
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Norway and France have signed an agreement related to France’s “nuclear umbrella,” a deal that had reportedly been in preparation since at least March, Faytuks Network reported on May 27.
The document was signed by Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre and French President Emmanuel Macron. The specific terms, duration, and key provisions of the agreement have not yet been disclosed.
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“We are doing this in light of the security policy situation in Europe, in particular Russia’s large-scale rearmament, including in the nuclear sphere, and the fact that it is waging a full-scale war against another European country,” Støre told Norwegian news agency NTB.
Reports in March indicated that Norway did not plan to host nuclear weapons on its territory during peacetime.
The agreement comes as several Scandinavian countries intensify discussions over nuclear deterrence amid Russia’s growing military threat and increasing doubts about the long-term reliability of US security guarantees for Europe.
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Denmark has previously signaled openness to co-financing a European “nuclear umbrella” and discussing the possible deployment of nuclear weapons on its territory.
Sweden has also stepped up the debate on nuclear deterrence. In late January, reports said Stockholm had held preliminary consultations with France and the United Kingdom about possible cooperation in the field.
France is currently the only nuclear-armed country in the European Union, making its deterrent central to broader European discussions about whether the bloc can strengthen its own strategic autonomy.
The idea of using France’s nuclear deterrent to help protect Europe has gained more public support inside France. Polling released in March 2025 showed that 59% of French respondents supported using France’s nuclear weapons to defend Europe.
Earlier, reports emerged that amid growing security concerns and questions about long-term US commitment to NATO, European countries have initiated discussions on enhancing their own nuclear deterrence capabilities.
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