#Russian Black Sea Fleet

Ukraine has achieved what seemed improbable even in military theory: without a conventional navy, it has systematically eroded the offensive power of a far stronger maritime power—in waters long treated as its own backyard.

Russia is preparing to overhaul its entire nuclear-powered attack submarine fleet, replacing aging Soviet-era boats with a smaller but far more capable force built around Yasen-class submarines—reshaping its undersea strategy for decades to come.