Ukraine to Test Estonia’s Mark 1 Missile, a New Weapon Against Russian Drones

Russia’s war on Ukraine has redefined modern combat, with drones dominating the battlefield. In fall 2024 alone, Russia unleashed 6,000 missiles and drones at Ukraine, with over 90% being unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), including the Iranian-designed Shahed-136. Ukraine deploys mobile anti-aircraft units and advanced air defense systems to fight back.

Estonian defense company Frankenburg Technologies, regarded as one of the most promising defense innovators among the Baltic countries, has unveiled its newest creation: the Mark 1 (Mk1) anti-aircraft missile. While detailed specifications remain undisclosed, the missile is said to effectively target threats at altitudes up to 2 kilometers, making it a strong contender against low-flying drones like the Shahed-136.

The Mark 1 will rely on artificial intelligence (AI) for guidance, a feature increasingly integrated into modern defense systems. Ukrainian drone manufacturers are also leveraging AI to streamline target acquisition and engagement.

Scaling production to meet demand

Frankenburg Technologies aims to achieve rapid production rates. The company predicts they will produce “dozens” of missiles weekly by Q1 2025, scaling up to hundreds per week by the end of the year. Such manufacturing speed is vital given the unprecedented intensity of drone attacks.

During August and September 2024, Russia launched between 50 and 100 drones daily against Ukraine. Intercepting these drones is costly, and delays in equipment deliveries from Ukraine’s international partners exacerbate the challenge of protecting civilian areas.

The production of modern weaponry, including missiles and ammunition, is both expensive and time-consuming, limiting the ability of Western allies to expedite deliveries. Frankenburg Technologies aims to address these twin challenges: affordability and rapid production.

Testing in real combat conditions

Frankenburg Technologies plans to test the Mark 1 in Ukraine under real battlefield conditions, rather than on controlled testing grounds. This will provide critical data to refine the missile’s design. Ukraine has become a de facto testing ground for cutting-edge military technologies, offering manufacturers valuable insights to enhance their products, from UAVs to armored vehicles.

For example, the UK previously announced plans to test its DragonFire laser system in Ukraine. Designed to neutralize drones and other aerial threats, the system is slated for adoption by the UK military after 2027 but will undergo trials in Ukraine beforehand.

The Mark 1 missile is a step forward in drone defense, addressing both the cost and production challenges of modern warfare. As Ukraine continues to defend its territory, technologies like these may prove crucial in countering Russia’s relentless drone assaults.